Friday, October 7, 2011

Creating 1 Million Jobs by Oil and Gas Exploration by Kyles Humphrey

Studies revealed that millions of Americans will get wonderful opportunities to work with oil and gas industry for the next seven years. This will show around $800 reduction in the national debt by 2030. The Scotland-based consulting firm Woods Mackenzie compiled the report that was financed by the American Petroleum Institute, a day before the President Obama demonstrates his long awaited job proposal in front of a joint session of Congress.
The proposal undermines an infrastructure bank, an extension of the payroll tax holiday, oil and gas companies. This will boost hope for job-seekers especially those who are determined to work in forthcoming months. While speaking at an Energy Jobs Summit API President Jack Gerard said that the President Obama believes the industry will show a wide prospectus as well advantageous.
Mr. Gerard pointed out that the President Obama can do lots of things without waiting for energy legislation. He said that the president can look after matters such as an expansion of offshore drilling in the Gulf of Mexico, opening up drilling in the ArcticNational Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), allowing companies to tap reserves in some sections of the Rocky Mountains and embracing the vast natural gas deposits in the Marcellus Shale that stretches from upstate New York as far south as Kentucky. It also comprises trillions of cubic feet of natural gas.
"Supporting a $7 billion the keystone XL pipeline project that will carry crude oil from Canada to states as far south as Texas," Mr. Gerard said. The industry will get ample benefits if it will follow API plan. According to the estimates, more than 1 million jobs in oil would be created by 2018 and it will exceed 1.4 million by 2030. Studies say that at least $36 billion tax revenue will add up into the treasury by 2015 and around $803 billion by 2030.
The report shows that the domestic oil production will jump 35.4 billion barrels of oil by 2030. Hence, it would be a giant step by the United States and the energy security. If such target will be achievable, then all of America's liquid fuels will come from secure North American sources within 15 years.
The liberation in ozone regulations by the President Obama will give freedom in places such as ANWR that is held untouchable by environmentalists. This will offer a wide prospective to investors who are looking for investment in oil.

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Brazil& 39;s state oil plans to expand oil and gas exploration activities in Angola by hi joiney

angolan state news agency reported today that petrobras (brazil's national / petrobras) plans to expand its and activities in angola. according to angolan news agency said, the brazilian state company in the ceo jiabu li ye li held official talks with angolan president disclosed this during the program to expand and activities. however, angola, brazil's state agency did not disclose the details of the plan. according to the brazilian national site said, the brazilian state present in angola through the and and production activities in the agreement, the company's six offshore blocks in angola owns shares, of which one block has started production of and other district 5 block is still in the exploration phase.angolan state news agency reported today that petrobras (brazil's national / petrobras) plans to expand its and activities in angola. according to angolan news agency said, the brazilian state company in the ceo jiabu li ye li held official talks with angolan president disclosed this during the program to expand and activities. however, angola, brazil's state agency did not disclose the details of the plan. according to the brazilian national site said, the brazilian state present in angola through the and and production activities in the agreement, the company's six offshore blocks in angola owns shares, of which one block has started production of and other district 5 block is still in the exploration phase.angolan state news agency reported today that petrobras (brazil's national / petrobras) plans to expand its and activities in angola. according to angolan news agency said, the brazilian state company in the ceo jiabu li ye li held official talks with angolan president disclosed this during the program to expand and activities. however, angola, brazil's state agency did not disclose the details of the plan. according to the brazilian national site said, the brazilian state present in angola through the and and production activities in the agreement, the company's six offshore blocks in angola owns shares, of which one block has started production of and other district 5 block is still in the exploration phase.angolan state news agency reported today that petrobras (brazil's national / petrobras) plans to expand its and activities in angola. according to angolan news agency said, the brazilian state company in the ceo jiabu li ye li held official talks with angolan president disclosed this during the program to expand and activities. however, angola, brazil's state agency did not disclose the details of the plan. according to the brazilian national site said, the brazilian state present in angola through the and gas exploration and production activities in the agreement, the company's six offshore blocks in angola owns shares, of which one block has started production of oil and other district 5 block is still in the exploration phase.

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Exploration Oil and Gas: An Interestingly High-Risk Investment by Georgette Adanas

For each oil provider, supplies of gas and oil are their main assets that could possibly be acquired through exploration oil and gas collectively known as hydrocarbons. Such assets are sought in petroleum prospects underneath the surface of the Earth as identified by geologists and geophysicists. The science and technology behind these explorations became sufficiently broad that a discipline known as petroleum geologytook form.

Techniques of exploration

The 1st step of exploration oil and gas includes looking for visible characteristics on the surface such as oil and natural gas seeps. These seeps entail evidence for possibly more hydrocarbons found deeper into this specific area of the Earth. To find out more relevant details regarding this prospect for petroleum, innovative technologies using exploration geophysics are employed.

Studying the geophysical properties of a specified spot would reveal sub-surface geology in which a good part of hydrocarbons is deposited. Devices for gravity, magnetic, and seismic reviews are used so as to characterize the characteristics of interest often known as leads. When a petroleum prospect proficiently passes the criteria for selection founded by the oil provider, funding is released for operations that entail the drilling of an exploration well.

Geological factors important to exploration oil and gas

There are five geological factors that should be existing to ensure that oil firms are assured of the occurrence of oil and gas deposits beneath a specific area. Deficiency of anyone of all these aspects implies that no amount of oil and gas could be found.

A supply rock, which creates the hydrocarbons, ought to initial exist. Supply rocks are described as organic-rich sediments similar to oil shale. Another element that must be investigated is migration, that happens when the source rock expels hydrocarbons. Petroleum geologists also try to find traps. These are traces of hydrocarbon deposits within a structure just like a fault block. A seal or cap-rock ought to also be found covering the hydrocarbon trap. This seal is commonly made of rocks that are impermeable to make sure that hydrocarbons aren't allowed to escape towards the surface. Finally, a porous sandstone known as the reservoir will allow extraction of gas and oil.

Oil reserves and their definitions

Probabilities that stochastically determine the likely existence of oil and gas in a certain geological area are known as oil reserves. Aside from the actual existence of these fuels, manufacturing is also considered a geological risk because it's dependent upon current state of the economy and available technology.

3 categories of oil reserves are known as proven, probable, and possible reserves. With verified reserves, hydrocarbon deposits are fairly sure to be generated. With likely supplies, it's just sensibly probable. Finally, doable reserves are just producible under favorable instances.

Investment risks in oil and gas exploration

Qualified investors who make investments related to exploration gas and oil are normally those who can tolerate high degrees of risk. Considering that it involves a high-risk operation, only national governments or enough large corporations can undertake such big investments amounting to millions of dollars.

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Georgette Adanas has been writing articles on exploration oil and gas since 2004.

Exploration Potential: Reveal The Truth Buried Oil And Gas by jekky

Expert voice: "Our pursuit is to approach the maximum ground truth." Exploration and Development Institute, said Chief Expert Mu small water.



"Looking for reserves is to find food." Speaking of the importance of oil and gas exploration, Geophysical Institute, chief expert Liu Zhongliang said.



"As long as the ideology is not aging, old liberated areas have youthful exuberance." Exploration Management Planning Section exploration exploration exploration for old host XU Jun-jie on confidence.



After 30 years of exploration and development of the Depression, becoming more exploration, more and more low single well controlled reserves, increasing reserves blocks of small, broken, deep. But in recent years oil field in eastern sag adhere to the guidance for detailed exploration of the implementation of integrated exploration and development operations, the new block close to the zone proved reserves, proved reserves of high quality, level of reserves available from 65% to the current 93% of the overall efficiency of exploration and development of improved, as reserves to ensure stability Dongpu key factor.



Adhere to deepen the basic research to guide the micro-macro analysis of reservoir distribution, and gradually understand the ground truth



"We are currently facing the main exploration targets in the complex layer structure, fracture zones, under the deep depression, construction plunge end and junction, detailed exploration is the only option." Exploration and Development Institute of Survey and planning director Jia Yan ? said.



However, the precise exploration does not mean "small", the opposite is more necessary for macro strategies and theories for guidance. Jia Yan? That, if not to give priority to basic research, but the blind pursuit of the so-called "small" and "small", the point was kept after the result is often "Mangrenmoxiang" can only get some one-sided.



To basic research objectives, oil has in the "civilized Walled regional fracture reservoir characterization and reservoir prediction," "East sag Salt Lake sedimentary basin, sand 3 sand system and control mechanism", "Western Slope faults on sedimentation and hydrocarbon accumulation in the role of "" Pu Wei Depression vaginal discharge of hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism and distribution "," horse factory area of fault systems and structural transformation "gained a new research.



Particularly in recent years carried out a "complex fault blocks east sag potential oil and gas exploration and objective evaluation" as the subject of basic research, but also played a micro-macro theory to guide the role of technical operations. Oil geologists through the application of the concept of fault blocks and ideas, zoning, zoning, classification based on the depression forming to study law, to establish a suitable complex fault blocks Dongpu depression reservoir real exploration of the theoretical system, the East sag stable resource base of deepening established 8 accumulation model, the basic grasp of the various fault blocks of the reservoir model and various fault blocks the main controlling factors of enrichment and distribution of the effective guidance of the fine old oil field exploration.



Law once mastered, it is precise evaluation of complex fault blocks Dongpu old liberated areas, and actively explore the new area with new layers and new types of oil and gas reservoirs, oil and gas buried underground to find the truth and understanding to provide the theoretical support.



Is complex fault blocks according to established oil and gas reservoir evaluation criteria, in recent years, oil field in East sag implemented 40 fault blocks, 477 block and 128 million tons of trap resource to further strengthen the field to achieve stable growth Dongpu depression storage confidence.



Big problem is complicated further by the simple accumulation of small problems, is a detailed exploration of Dongpu Category exploration, Sidelights for the whole process



"Delicious pomegranate, seeds difficult to peel," the exploration plan in the exploration, director of the Department of Management Xi Li, mind, anatomy is a pomegranate exploration for old separate the "seed" and "skin" of the process. To this end, Li Chun Hei cited three examples of the West Wing set structure. Their original structure that the West Wing Sanchunji relatively far away from the oil source, trap types to the formation of reverse faults dip east block, oil and gas enrichment poor, less exploration, not be evaluated. 2009, oil use target processing seismic data set of three spring structure and sediment 3, 2, 3 sand and sand under the top three lines for the next 4 overall evaluation of the three layers, the implementation of the 13 favorable drilling targets. While drilling the reservoir evaluation in the West Wing Chun 9-50 Well well, spring 16 side of the well were three in the sand, sand three times daily output of 23 tons and was 15 tons of high-yield industrial oil flow, show good exploration of the structure development prospects.



The face of domestic oil fields east of the most complex, technical staff to realize that the complex is not terrible, terrible is not found the means to solve complicated problems.



Category exploration, Sidelights exploration work for the whole idea, no doubt a large oil field exploration and field staff to resolve numerous conflicts Dongpu "weapon."



Hand this "weapon" to complex fault block oil reservoir forming Theory, formulated the "persist in relying on the old liberated areas, to find a good forming conditions; adhere to the hierarchical system evaluation as a means to find enrichment; adhere to the detailed anatomy of the core reservoir, looking for implementation; adhere to the efficiency, look for the shallow; adhere to the three-dimensional seismic data based on quality, take a big look "old liberated areas classification and evaluation of the exploration approach. As a result, oil will seemingly complex scientific Dongpu oil into the relatively simple to conduct a variety of different types of targeted treatment.



Oil has in the central uplift of Dongpu low degree of exploration area in southern New Haw, exploration Sanchunji structure made a breakthrough, vaginal discharge depression in the western slopes made great progress in exploration, in the northern part of the central uplift Wenliu, Castle Construction exploration good results, in Pu Wei, Wen stay, Hu - Qing, Bridge port, New Fok, Ma factory area proved Oil Geological reserves of 28.28 million tons, proved Natural gas Geological reserves of 2.922 billion cubic meters, achieved Dongpu steady growth in proved reserves in old revolutionary bases.

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New 36: private capital into the energy field there are three difficult - new, 36, private capital - by hi joiney

(625, 'HC Environmental Network quot State Council to encourage and guide private investment Health Development of a number of Opinion quot to encourage private capital participation Oil Natural gas development In this regard the trade figures in an interview with Shanghai Securities News said on private capital this is a big plus But now private capital into Energy There are three main areas of difficulty br br Difficult than is currently the largest available for distribution to a few blocks of private capital Although the quot opinion quot explicitly quot support private capital into the oil and gas exploration and development quot But the industry said quot China blocks for exploration and development a decade ago was registered over not to mention private capital even if like other state owned enterprises involved in oil and gas exploration and development it is difficult to pin inserted quot br br To CITIC Group for example the oil business has long been clear for the company 39 s main business the company has been Dagang oil field and other exploration blocks some blocks but not the oil and some blocks of hard mining eventually the majority of without success br br Industry said quot can not say that the land has no blocks but has not been registered more difficult to block the development economic value is difficult to find quot Onshore oil resources in the Source Increasingly nervous at the same time offshore oil more and more intense competition Thus private capital to enter the offshore oil exploration more difficult br br As a pioneer of offshore oil development the Chinese offshore oil group has most of the offshore blocks of development rights although in recent years PetroChina and Sinopec also recognized the potential of offshore oil but the two giant offshore blocks are approved do not add up and one fifth of CNOOC Insiders believe that quot the two giants 39 sea 39 are so difficult let alone private company quot br br Private capital into the energy field of the second difficulty is that there is no entry point quot Opinions quot in support of private capital quot and the state owned oil companies Cooperation To carry out oil and gas exploration and development quot But for the domestic block a state owned enterprises do not lack technology and no shortage of money no power and private enterprise cooperation As for the international block the host government in order to get more support state owned enterprises are more willing and local energy companies private companies have no advantage br br Private capital into the energy field of the third difficulty is the lack of pricing power and bargaining power quot Opinions quot clear quot to support construction of private capital shares of crude oil natural gas refined oil storage and transportation and pipeline transportation facilities and networks quot In this regard the experts say to natural gas storage device for example to build a natural gas storage tank a one time investment in a lot of money but did not block domestic exploration and development rights gas installation is completed private enterprises will have to purchase natural gas to the state owned enterprises In the monopoly market structure the private enterprises have little bargaining power br br For users the price of natural gas pricing of goods belonging to the Government private companies can not arbitrarily pass through price increases the cost Thus caught in the state owned enterprises and private gas enterprises between users often in a very awkward position br br However Fortunately under the relevant departments including natural gas resource price reform is expected to speed private capital participation in oiland gas development in the quot ceiling quot is about to loose br br Industry said that if the above three problems can be solved step by step quot to encourage private capital participation in oil and gas development quot will be truly implemented ')

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Hurricane Season Has Many Speculating over Potential Oil and Natural Gas Supply Disruptions and Higher Energy Prices by Anne-Marie Fleming

NaturalGasStocks.com Looks at how Oil and Natural Gas Industry Participants, Chesapeake Energy, Eden Energy, Petrol Oil and Gas and Goodrich Petroleum Prepare for the 2006 Storm Season
Ann-Marie Fleming, http://www.NaturalGasStocks.com
June 2006
With the 2006 hurricane season underway, the potential impacts of what the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) predicts to be a highly active season are being evaluated. "For the 2006 north Atlantic hurricane season, NOAA is predicting 13 to 16 named storms, with eight to 10 becoming hurricanes, of which four to six could become 'major' hurricanes of Category 3 strength or higher," described retired Navy Vice Adm. Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Ph.D., undersecretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere and NOAA administrator. Although NOAA is not forecasting a repeat of last year's season, the potential for hurricanes striking the U.S. is high." (See Figure 1)

With the oil and gas sector, and in particular the Gulf region, still recovering from the devastation caused by Katrina, a damaging 2006 storm season could escalate industry pressures through additional disruptions and shut-ins, leading to higher energy prices. Industry participants Chesapeake Energy (NYSE: CHK), Eden Energy Corp (OTCBB: EDNE), Petrol Oil and Gas (OTCBB: POIG) and Goodrich Petroleum (NYSE: GDP) forge ahead with their pursuit of increased exploration, development and production levels, with a close eye on Gulf coast weather activities.

The risks associated with an intense summer are amplified as the Gulf region is still recovering from the effects of last year's storm season. As Don Sharpe, CEO of Eden Energy Corp. (OTCBB: EDNE), an oil and gas exploration and development company describes, "Deep Gulf of Mexico oil production has been the only area of significant US oil production growth during the past decade compared to Alaska, shallow Gulf production and the lower 48 states where production has been declining. I think almost 20% of Gulf oil production will still be shut in at the start of the season as a result of last year's hurricane activity."

In addition to the highly anticipated activity of storms along the coast, the nation is also facing the challenges of hot temperatures that accompany the summer months ahead. Paul Branagan, President of Petrol Oil and Gas, Inc. (OTCBB: POIG) explains, "Most of the country is already experiencing some pretty high temperatures and given that summer is still about two weeks off this means that the utilities usage of fossil fuels is and will probably continue at high levels throughout the summer. That demand mixed with the potential adverse effects of the hurricane season suggests that the oil and gas market will remain extremely volatile and producers both big and small will have to work hard to maintain supply."

While there is anticipation for an active storm season due to numerous variables, most experts do not anticipate the level of activity we saw last year. Jon Davis, Meteorologist with Chesapeake Energy (NYSE: CHK) explains, "Last year was an exceedingly unique situation on many different levels and based on the significant differences in last year's conditions that produced a record number of storms in the Gulf, and what we have going on right now, we do not expect the same level this year. While Chesapeake does not have any operations in the Gulf region, from an overall energy macro standpoint we monitor weather activity in the tropics and risks to the Gulf of Mexico on a daily basis to assess the potential market and supply impacts."

The anxiety that surrounds this season has become a factor when evaluating the potential impacts on the industry. As Ron Gist with Purvin & Gertz, an independent energy industry consulting firm describes, "Based on the issue of hurricanes I absolutely think that there is going to be some strength to the prices. However, people are immediately jumping to the conclusion that the hurricane, if one hits, will damage production, but what happened last season was that despite the production that was knocked out, there was also a considerable reduction in demand. Chemical plants, refineries, power generating plants, etc were shut down balancing the market since we lost approximately the same amount of demand as we lost in production."

Industry Impact

With a pull back on natural gas prices due to a mild winter, weather once again holds the wildcard on price influence as we move forward into the summer months. According to Jeff Mobley, Vice President, of Investor Relations and Research for Chesapeake Energy, "To the extent that you would actually have a hurricane interrupt production it would have material impact. Gas prices have fallen substantially and are well below price parity with crude oil because of excess amount of gas on the market. This disparity is largely caused by one the mildest if not the mildest winter on record in the U.S. so there is a huge overhang of gas. There is a limited amount of storage so one way or the other the market has to work through that and at the moment it appears that it will be doing this through lower prices. To the extent that you take production offline in the Gulf of Mexico that would very quickly fix the short term supply and demand imbalance and gas prices would go up materially."

Goodrich Petroleum's (NYSE: GDP) President, Robert Turnham, expressed unease over this year's predictions and the potential industry impacts that may result if these forecasts prove accurate. "We are very concerned with the potential effects of another active hurricane season. The impact to the supply system for oil and gas depends on the path of the hurricanes. If they take the same path as last year we will once again have a tremendous amount of production shut-in and potentially lost due to wind and storm surge damage and we could also see further destruction of demand for natural gas as we saw last summer when many of the gas fired processing plants and refineries were shut-in for several months."

According to Turnham, Goodrich Petroleum will not be drilling any wells in South Louisiana during the hurricane season, to minimize the risk of downtime costs.

At a time when the nation is working to build energy independence, hurricane activity jeopardizes these efforts, however it may also create a re-prioritization of oil and gas drilling regions. Eden's Don Sharpe explains, "Another year similar to last year will definitely result in increased US dependency on imported oil, add to energy prices and escalate the importance of onshore energy exploration. Many of the nation's refineries are located in the Gulf so I would certainly expect gas prices to increase."

With this in mind, many domestic oil and gas companies are working to increase exploration, development and production to continue to meet the growing energy demands. "Our company continues to acquire and develop a very high quality portfolio of large prospects in the US with the objective of finding and developing major sources of oil and gas for America. Our strategy will remain unchanged. I think our shareholders recognize this and have shown an inspiring level of support," adds Sharpe

Coal Bed Methane producer Petrol Oil and Gas, has moved forward with financing to accelerate development of its gas fields in eastern Kansas in anticipation of a demand driven market this fall resulting from a hot summer and the impact of the hurricane season on supply. Paul Branagan describes, "Given the adversities of any new field development and the complexities of de-watering our coal bed methane reserves production tends to lag a bit defying our best efforts at projecting definitive production rates. This difficulty in projecting supply appears to be systemic in the oil and gas industry given the nature of unconventional oil and gas and the scope and size they now play in supply".

Are We Prepared?

There are differing opinions on the level of preparedness as we move into the 2006 hurricane season. Some believe that with repairs and restoration still occurring in the Gulf as a result of the 2005 season, we have not been in a position to fully prepare for another volatile session. Sharpe explains, "Knowing that so much production is still offline in the Gulf, that is, not even repaired after last year's Hurricane season, it is hard to claim that the industry is prepared for similar weather conditions."

However there are some that feel that last year's damage has resulted in a harsh lesson in securing infrastructure to better combat the destructive powers of costal storms.

As Ron Gist describes, "The industry has learned from last year's season in terms of what needs to be done to help them to be better prepared this season and are reinforcing structures through a variety of means, therefore the damage probably wouldn't be as bad the second time around."

With the level of storms seen last year, even the most prepared are facing extreme challenges in trying to reduce the impacts of high categorized hurricanes. Robert Turnham explains the reality of the situation, "I believe the nation is certainly more prepared this year due to last year's experience, however there is only so much preparation that can be done. There is very little the industry can do to protect against the effects of hurricanes. We cannot build an infrastructure that can withstand category four or five winds, nor can we protect against storm surges that can totally submerge facilities, so the industry will always be susceptible to widespread damage."

The Big Picture

While the final industry picture still remains to be determined, the anxiety and the likelihood of an active hurricane season have many speculating on higher oil and gas prices as our energy infrastructure along the Gulf remains vulnerable. Onshore exploration, development and production increases will help to offset potential disruptions along the coast as the nation prepares for a volatile summer. One thing is certain; this season will be one of the closest watched storm seasons to date.

Figure 1

Source: NOAA

Ann-Marie Fleming

Ann-Marie Fleming completed her MBA in the United States, where she attended Webster University. She also holds an Honors B.A from the University of Toronto. She has over sixteen years of experience within the financial industry to include retail banking and brokerage, investment banking, and mortgage brokerage within the United States and Canada, with a firm background in corporate research.

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About the Author

Ann-Marie Fleming completed her MBA in the United States, where she attended Webster University. She also holds an Honors B.A from the University of Toronto. She has over sixteen years of experience within the financial industry to include retail banking and brokerage, investment banking, and mortgage brokerage within the United States and Canada, with a firm background in corporate research.